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Energy

Nuclear fuel supply chain

Yellowcake, enrichment, and fuel fabrication — the bottleneck behind reactor restarts.

⚠ Conversion & enrichment capacity

Key chokepoints

  • Uranium mining (U3O8)Mining

    Kazakhstan supplies roughly 40% of primary uranium; Western utilities seek non-Russian sources.

    Related tickers: CCJ, UUUU

  • Yellowcake conversionProcessing

    Conversion capacity outside Russia is limited; Cameco and ConverDyn are key Western options.

  • Uranium enrichment (SWU)Enrichment

    Russia historically supplied a large share of enrichment services; sanctions reshaped flows.

  • HALEU for advanced reactorsNext-gen fuel

    Commercial HALEU supply chain is nascent; DOE programs are seeding capacity.

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